Everything's an Argument

The authors define an argument as any expression of a point of view, whether written, spoken, or nonverbal. This term is featured in the title of the book, which details argument types, strategies, fallacies, and styles, and explores how to devise, structure, and support argumentative claims.

An audience refers to the groups or individuals a writer intends to reach through their argument. Writers consider the audience’s values, expectations, understanding, and motivation as they build support and use appeals. Everything’s an Argument writes to college students, appealing to their idealism and desire for academic success, while maintaining a familiar, mentoring tone.

To provide a citation is to provide documentation of outside source material. Most publications expect citations to follow a particular style guide, such as those published by the Modern Language Association (MLA) and the American Psychological Association (APA). Citing sources gives credit to the source’s creator, ensuring ethical use of information. Citations also help those researching similar topics connect to additional relevant sources.